OpenStreetMap Blogs

Мы знаем, что OpenStreetMap используют многие российские службы: медики, пожарные, военные. Это здорово, и мы всегда готовы помочь советом или делом. К сожалению, в России между «государством» (т. е. бюджетными организациями) и «народом» (целевой аудиторией бюджетных организаций) существует коммуникационная яма. И с нашей стороны не хватает метафорических досок, чтобы построить мост, а другая сторона видит в яме монстров и боится подходить.

Поэтому когда в каком-то ведомстве говорят: «нам нужна бесплатная карта всего мира», там не спрашивают у картографов, что делать. Там берут яндекс, а когда он просит денег или когда нужно работать без интернета, переходят на OSM. В нашем сообществе сделать офлайновый OSM — это скачать планету, загрузить в базу, настроить мапник и renderd. У нормальных людей это скачать тайлы. Причём все, до конца, потому что иначе адресов на домах не видно (17-й зум на стандартном стиле: не может же у одной карты быть двух разных стилей).

Вчера Том Хьюз заблокировал одного из таких будущих пользователей OSM. Вы замечали, что последнюю неделю тайлы в России грузятся едва-едва. Их доставляет Горыныч, прокси-сервер яндекса (спасибо!). Так вот, с 18 июля количество запросов к прокси удвоилось, в пиках превышая сто тысяч в секунду. Сервер упал, IP заблокировали, но «атака» почти сразу продолжилась с другого адреса. Кажется, Том идентифицировал блок IP и забанил его целиком. Карта стала заметно быстрее.

Когда-то одна организация роняла сервер тайлов Veloroad, и едва её забанили, спросила на форуме, что делать. Так обе стороны узнали друг друга и пришли к решению. Едва ли так получится в этот раз: тайлы на сайте OSM — это «общее», владелец никто, какие-то безымянные участники, а значит, можно не спрашивать разрешения, а пересесть за соседний компьютер с другим IP. Мы не можем найти нарушителя, он не хочет искать нас. Несмотря на бравые заявления на конференции «Веб и ГИС» 2011 года, у OpenStreetMap в России до сих пор нет юридического лица, с которым государственным организациям не зазорно разговаривать. Значит — всё позволено.

Технический способ решить проблему есть: ещё более ужесточить настройки прокси. В прошлом году замедлили выдачу тайлов не-браузерам. В октябре Котяра предложил пересмотреть ограничения, чтобы карта на экране скачивалась быстрее, а у тех, кто качает тайлы тысячами, — медленнее. Пул-реквест зарубили, главным способом решения проблемы скорости остаются «белые списки». Более эффективная мера — ключи: чтобы тайлы без ограничений можно было использовать, только указав свой уникальный ключ. Но их поддержка нагрузит админов лишней постоянной работой, чему они не будут рады.

By: Chelsea Goddard

Originally created by Vladimir Agafonkin (who’s been a part of the Mapbox family for almost four years), Leaflet is an entirely open JavaScript API used to make interactive maps. Built for and with the open source community — including current maintainers Iván Sánchez Ortega, Per Liedman, and Yohan Boniface — Leaflet can easily integrate with Mapbox, support GeoJSON overlays, as well as nearly any other data source your mapping-heart desires. Mapbox.js, for example, is built on top of Leaflet and is our plug-in to easily integrate your Mapbox maps with Leaflet.

The main map for Leaflet is made of raster tiles. These tiles can come from a service like mapbox.com, which automatically supports legacy raster tiles, or they may come from a custom tile server. Raster tiles are excellent for imagery or representing continuous data, like terrain, and because the tiles are generated on the server they are static. Sequentially, Leaflet runs in the browser and turns image tiles into a beautiful interactive map.

Limitations of raster tiles

The limitations of raster tiles become apparent for users who are interested in creating a dynamic web mapping experience — particularly those visualizing data. This is what led us to invest in vector tiles and Mapbox GL, an open source project comprised of Mapbox GL JS, a rendering engine for web browsers, and Mapbox GL Native, which renders on native clients. Like other OpenGL libraries, Mapbox GL interacts with your client’s GPU under the hood for enhanced rendering capabilities and our GL team is super excited about the possibilities presented by hardware-accelerated rendering. Check out one of my favorite demos that shows off how to toggle between 2D and 3D extrusions for data visualization.

We’re constantly pushing the boundaries of how much data you can display on a map while keeping them fast and performant across platforms and devices. Advances in browser support for the Web GL standard, along with native GL support on mobile devices, allowed us to make the jump to vector tiles. Vector tiles define what’s possible for web and mobile maps while opening up entirely new possibilities for data visualization and real-time navigation.

Vector tiles vs raster tiles

Generally, we bucket maps into one of two categories: Raster or Vector. This becomes especially interesting when we start to talk about how other web mapping tools draw data. Vector tiles, for example, are usually 20–50 percent smaller than a comparable raster tile; or 1 vector tile to every 4 raster tiles. In contrast to the raster tiles used by Leaflet, vector tiles contain raw map data in a binary format. This allows for a couple of important differences: smaller tile packages that allow for less bandwidth (a performance booster when streaming to devices) and map styles can be changed on the fly!

The difference in load sizes between vector and raster screen load times is evident in this chart made by Vlad in 2015, or you can see it in the demonstration by Lauren below.

When to use Leaflet v Mapbox GL

If you have raster tiles and need support for Leaflet’s core features or plugins, Mapbox maps work in Leaflet and with Mapbox.js. For cases where you need dynamic maps with support for fast client-side restyling, Mapbox GL is amazing. So, the next time you have a project where you want to use Mapbox GL or Mapbox.js without Mapbox tiles or Leaflet with Mapbox tiles well, as Young MC once said, “if you want it, baby, you got it.”

And both are open source. Over the years, we’ve built Mapbox maps on several open source libraries. Throughout each iteration of our mapping stack, we’ve stayed rooted in open source development. This is what makes it possible to use Mapbox maps in a variety of libraries, like Mapbox GL JS and Leaflet, while other mapping providers lock you into their proprietary code. It’s also why our vector tile spec supports custom data and not just the map layers we provide.

You can contribute to Leaflet and Mapbox on GitHub at any time. If you want to find out more or have any questions, hit me up on LinkedIn — I’d love to talk!

Chelsea Goddard

Mapbox ❤️ Leaflet was originally published in Points of interest on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

By: Ryan Baumann

Data visualization is a powerful tool. As a developer or designer, you want your data to tell your story. With Mapbox, you’re tapped into location data viz super powers. Own your data viz story with your design, in your application, and on any platform.

Here are 7 techniques to bring your data to life with Mapbox tools:

1| Choropleths

Choropleth (sometimes referred to as fill) maps style areas based on data values. Choropleths are great when you have a range of values across geographic regions, like this map of U.S. unemployment rates by county. You could use a choropleth map to show data trends by zip code, county, country, or sub market boundary.

2| Graduated Circles

With graduated circles, you can show trends over multiple data dimensions in one visualization. In the example above, circle size represents a quantity, color represents a range, and the location shows the spatial trend of the data.

3| Dot Distributions

Dot Distribution visuals communicate density trends in very dense point data. Website traffic, vehicle telemetry, and social media posts all make for incredible dot distribution visuals. Check out Eric Fischer’s tutorial on dot density visualization design to get started.

4| Animations

Animations show how your data changes over a dimension (commonly time). For example, you can show how vehicle event locations have changed over a year (as shown above), or you can visualize the change in unemployment by county over a decade.

5| 3D Extrusions

3D extrusions unlock a powerful tool for your data visualization arsenal. These visuals work great when your data has a natural z-element (such as elevation), or you need to compare the relative difference between dense regions, such as the population density of US Census blocks above.

6| 3D Environments

Instead of looking at your data, what if you could explore within? Create immersive 3D environments with our Unity SDK — see through walls, augment real world features, or visualize what your outdoor space will look like with a renovation.

7| Heatmaps (Coming soon!)

Heatmaps show location trends of dense point data using a color gradient. This type of visualization makes it easy to easy to identify where groups of data correlate to one another. A travel website could use a heatmap to show the density of restaurants near a hotel, or a city planner could use a heatmap to identify congested roads from car counts during rush hour.

Working on a data visualization application — or building a location visualization beyond what your BI tool can handle? Sign up and get started building for free with our tutorials.

Ryan Baumann

7 data visualizations techniques for location was originally published in Points of interest on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

Список товаров:

• комбикорм / combined feed (выглядит так / looks like that)

• зерно / grain

Как правильно обозначать такие магазины? / How correctly to designate such shops?

Saturday

I wanted to get to know my new neighbourhood better and try some new tools . So this weekend I tested Opencamera to take photos and good old OSMTracker for GPS traces. I took a peek on to the map, set camera to burst mode to click every 10s and set out to the direction of Bellandur lake. After passing HAL airport, the terrain seemed to change quickly. I went from paved roads to dirt roads and tracks (later I realised I cut right through the dried part of the lake). I wasn’t checking maps and ended up on the outer ring road, took a U-turn and managed to reach to the other side of the lake.

Spent some time enjoying the view and started back. It was nice to see calm and green place not far from the city, but felt sad that construction and pollution is eating it up.

After 4 hours of cycling I reached home loaded GPX on JOSM, and I was more sad. My phone didn't let osmtracker update location information in the background and most of the tracks were just straight lines. First I thought it was a bug (like one which causes osmand to crash on this) but later figured out that it was a power saving feature 😑 . But was lucky that I had geo-tagged photos, and recreated the track from them :)

After a small break I set off to Indiranagar to play cricket with friends. I was happy to know that I covered around 37 kms on cycle that day. 🚴

Sunday

So learning from yesterday’s mistake, I turned off power saver for OsmTracker and locked the app from being closed automatically. It took around 1 hour for me to cycle to Cubbon park. As roads through the park are not open to motor-vehicles on Sundays, you can explore 300 acres on foot or cycle in peace. The place felt very calm and relaxing, you can engage in various activities there, rent a cycle and go around see kids play at the playground, watch flocks of pigeons feeding or sit and listen to the creaking bamboos. There’s even a fenced area for dogs and owners meet going on, so went in to spent some time with those fuzzballs.

I roamed the park for some more time and left for the day. I loaded the GPX on JOSM as soon as got home and found that they are all well mapped thanks to mappers like PlaneMad ,Praveen, Nagesh_Blr

Total mileage for two days was around 70 kms but usable data collected was low, I am currently adding details from my memory and photos I clicked. Will try to improve next expedition with Mapillary and OpenStreetCam.

With this catalogue of moving and storage list to select from, how can you decide which moving shipping supplies near me are well-established, reputable, and possibly priced well?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagondaing

Tagondaing Village is located in Myanmar

Wikipedia-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagondaing

После летних каникул возвращаемся к картографии! За эти дни вы сделали немало интересного — время рассказать о своей работе. 16 сентября, в субботу, мы проведём Большую Схемотехнику: целый день, с 11 до 19, докладчики будут рассказывать про новости в мире ГИС, про собственные эксперименты, про полезные инструменты и красивый картографический дизайн.

Присылайте заявки на выступления и окажитесь в числе тех, чьи имена привлекут слушателей и других докладчиков. Мы ожидаем длинного списка докладов на любые темы, так или иначе связанные с открытыми ГИС и открытыми геоданными.

Можно сказать, это наш, русский, State of the Map: рассказов про OpenStreetMap на прошлых встречах было немного, и если вы ждали большой конференции, то вот она. Как вариант, можно скататься на другие аналогичные конференции:

• Основной State of the Map в Японии пройдёт через месяц, 18-20 августа.
• HOT Summit, конференция гуманитарной команды, пройдёт 14-15 сентября в Оттаве, Канада.
• На State of the Map Asia в Катманду до 1 августа открыт приём заявок на доклады. Сама конференция пройдёт 23-24 сентября.
• State of the Map US тоже ждёт ваших заявок до 1 августа и вас самих 19-22 октября в Боулдере, штат Колорадо.
• 23-28 октября пройдут FOSS4G и State of the Map Argentina в Буэнос-Айресе, Аргентина. Язык обоих конференций — испанский.
• State of the Map Latam, тоже испаноязычный, пройдёт в столице Перу с 29 ноября по 2 декабря.

Конечно, осенью мы проведём ещё несколько «схемотехник», но они будут не такими масштабными. Приходите и выступайте в сентябре!

Hallo dunia, semoga kabar baik bagi kalian semua dan mempererat pertemanan kita. Saya ingin mempromosikan sebuah blog tentang tutorial blogging, komputer, android, internet, dan lainnya yang lekat dengan kehidupan sehari hari. silahkan kunjungi Seputar Tutorial

If you are an owner of a Garmin 520 device, you may have discovered the device has the capability to use custom maps in the standard Garmin .img format. Unfortunately the device has quite limited internal storage (up to around 100MB) and no external SD card capability.

Storage space can be increased by removing the default Basemap and maps of your choice (e.g. your local area) can be acquired via the excellent OSM Garmin Maps website.

Further information about doing this can be found via these blog posts:

• Garmin 520 mapping
• How to install bike maps on the Garmin Edge 520

However consider the needs of the long distance cyclist - such as a participant in London Edinburgh London, the premier Audax UK event - in this scenario the above available maps needed to cover the area being travelled will be too big to fit on this device.

One can use OSM data directly and process the data yourself using Open Source tools to generate a gmapsupp.img file that covers your area of interest. My operating system is Debian Linux so the tools needed are available, of a modern enough version and easy to install via the standard operating system 'apt-get' manner:

• mkgmap
• osmosis

Those using Windows or Mac OS's can run these tools but installation is normally more intricate and one will need to refer to the individual websites for specific instructions.

Overview

My method for generating a suitable gmapsupp.img is thus:

1. Download a OSM data extract in PBF format - Geofabrik
2. Run osmosis to remove and contain only the relevant data wanted for the map.
3. Create the map using mkgmap, using the default style.
4. Transfer to your Garmin device and enjoy.

All these steps can be easily scripted to be able to run with different parameters, such as adjusting the data being used or for a newer dataset.

Note if you run mkgmap directly on an Great Britain extract, the resultant map is 220MB and thus too big to fit on a 520 device. Hence the osmosis commands are used.

Detailed Process

Here are my osmosis and mgkmap commands in shell script with approximate timings of the operations on my desktop PC (1.4GHz).

export myPBF="great-britain-latest.osm.pbf"
export poi_tags="amenity=toilets,fast_food,cafe,pub,shelter shop=convenience,supermarket,bicycle"

osmosis \
    --read-pbf "$myPBF" \
    --tf accept-ways \
        highway=* \
        waterway=river,canal \
        railway=rail,preserved \
        natural=water landuse=reservoir \
        $poi_tags \
    --tf reject-ways highway=path,footway,track,bridleway,service \
    --tf reject-relations \
    --used-node \
    --write-xml ways.osm
# ~15 mins

osmosis \
    --read-pbf "$myPBF" \
    --tag-filter accept-nodes place=* natural=peak $poi_tags \
    --tf reject-nodes place=isolated_dwelling,farm \
    --tf reject-ways \
    --tf reject-relations \
    --write-xml nodes.osm
# ~2 mins

osmosis --read-xml ways.osm \
        --rx nodes.osm \
        --merge \
        --write-pbf \
        reduced.pbf
# ~3 mins

mkgmap-splitter reduced.pbf
# ~1 minute

mkgmap --index --gmapsupp 63240*pbf
# ~4 minutes

The resultant gmapsupp.img file is 77MB big, so fits easily on a Garmin Edge 520 device and can be transferred to the device by a file copy to the usual "Garmin" folder location on the device.

A copy of this specific gmapsupp.img is on Dropbox

Postscript

Alternative strategies for creating a smaller map file could be to define a smaller data area via a simple bounding box or a more complex polygon or trying to customize the mkgmap style rules but I haven't tried these.

I will be participating in LEL next week - wish me luck :), but I will be using my trusty Garmin eTrex 20 - which having 2Gb internal storage - with the free standard map provided by https://talkytoaster.com - as per my normal outdoor cycling and walking (and on the side OSM surveying) activities.

I generated this mainly for a good friend who has a 520 device, but hopefully the above example will be useful for others to use directly or tailor this process for their needs.

Today I spent about 4 hours cruising the Täze Köşi, Parahat 7, and Gaža neighborhoods of Ashgabat to collect GPS traces of new streets and to identify new schools, kindergartens, and other public buildings. As the onset of the Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games looms (due to begin September 17) a final big push is underway to commission new construction, so there are large numbers of changes in the city every week. In addition to GPS traces on my Garmin Nuvi, I collected imagery using Mapillary and am presently uploading it. There is also a new headquarters building for Rysgal Bank, plus two buildings flanking that building that include a shopping center and supermarket. I mapped them, too, along with the alleys and parking lot serving them.

After a short break I put in another couple of hours driving. I buzzed up to Choganly to collect house numbers in the new development that was commissioned last week, plus finished off the search for street names in Gämi, at least for now--there are a few streets with no signs at all on them, so they will have to wait. I also checked out the new apartment buildings in Anew and added the alleys behind them, now that they have been occupied. I finished with a run down Kulyyew to collect GPS traces on the newly opened frontage roads between Bitarap and Baba Annanow. All in all it was a productive Saturday. The Mapillary upload will take a while.

The mystery building in the middle of Täze Köşi now has a sign, Saglyk Öýi, which identifies it as a clinic (what in Russian is called a поликлиника or in English an outpatient clinic). One more puzzle solved!

A map style inspired by the pop art movement
By: Amy Lee Walton

Drawing inspiration from the likes of Andy Warhol, James Rosenquist, and in particular, Roy Lichtenstein, our latest designer style Whaam! is a unique base for telling your story.

Pop artists created work that mimicked machine made objects with hand strokes. In fact, Lichtenstein himself characterized his work as “not American painting but actually industrial painting”. To capture the whimsey of the movement, I designed this style using four features: a limited but vibrant color palette, thick black line strokes, “Ben-Day Dot” texture, an expressive display font, and starbursts!

For those not familiar, Ben-Day dots are the small colored circles that give the map its classic comic book feel. That’s because they were used by early comic book publishers to inexpensively create shading and secondary colors such as green, purple, orange, and flesh tones.

Behind the design

It’s the subtle textures that really bring this design alive. Pairing small, dark cyan dots closely spaced over a solid, light cyan background provided a slight optical illusion as you zoom in on the map, in true pop art fashion. The use of primary and secondary CMYK colors hint at traditional printing variations for a vibrant and playful visual read.

As cityscapes form, roads are styled with a heavy black stroke from motorways to secondary streets, each with varying thickness and opacity based on hierarchy. The final touch of whimsy is the handwritten-style display font for major city labels in bright red and the custom vector starburst in a royal blue used for highway shields.

Make it yours

Import Whaam! into your Studio account and begin customizing the layers to make it your own! Try changing the typeface and color palette first, then make custom vector patterns of your own and swap them in for the water or landusepatterns I’ve used here. Or replace the starburst with your own vector shield.

Whaam! is the fourth designer map we’ve released this summer. Make sure you try out the others — Standard is a retro-inspired map based on early twentieth century automotive maps. Moonlight combines a minimalist-palette backdrop with a modern type face; it’s great for branding. North Star reinterprets classic nautical maps; it’s perfect for displaying any maritime themed data.

Amy Lee Walton

Whaam! was originally published in Points of interest on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

By: Aaron Ng

Downtown LA. My July 4th weekend FourSquare checkins visualized in AR. (ARKit + Unity + Mapbox + Swarm) https://t.co/1Gddt3i6kP

 — @aaronykng

Last week, we saw this tweet from Aaron Ng showing how he used the Mapbox Unity SDK, Apple’s ARKit, and Swarm to visualize his check-ins on Foursquare over the Fourth of July weekend. We had to know more, so we’re excited to share Aaron’s behind the scenes look at how he created it.

1| Can you explain what we’re looking at?

This is a map of Downtown LA with my July 4th weekend checkins visualized using a combination of ARKit, Unity, and Mapbox.

2| Where did you get the idea for this prototype?

I’m really interested in logging stuff and zooming out to see what patterns emerge– whether it’s my blood glucose levels, my heart rate, how I spend my time, or where I’ve visited in a city. Taking a zoomed out look at these patterns can be interesting, revealing, bring new insight, or just be cool.

So, I thought visualizing check-ins on an AR map would be interesting: maybe the closest thing to a holographic table we can emulate today. Seeing my check-ins clustered around this miniaturized Downtown LA and being able to walk and duck around it brought a new dimension and perspective to something that we’re otherwise relatively used to.

3| Could you explain how you put this together? Anything that would be helpful for people to start tinkering?

I took my check-ins over July 4th weekend and added them to a Mapbox Dataset and used that to create a custom Tileset. From there it was as simple as spinning up an ARKit scene in Unity, loading in a map with the Mapbox Unity SDK, tweaking the layers to show what I want, and styling it a bit. Then I built it in the Xcode 9 beta and ran it on an iPad Pro running the iOS11 beta.

The example Scenes in the Mapbox Unity SDK are really helpful for getting a grip on the SDK. Pick the examples apart– they’re organized well and after a bit of tinkering, you’re pretty much ready to get started. There are layers included for buildings, roads, points of interest, topology– it’s great. Combine this with the samples and tutorials for the Unity SDK and ARKit, and you’re good to go.

4| How did you hear about the Mapbox Unity SDK?

I’ve used Mapbox for embedding custom maps onto websites and iOS apps before– I actually didn’t know that Mapbox had a Unity SDK, but I was looking on Google for Unity mapping plugins and saw the Mapbox plugin. Had a great time using your tools in the past, so I was pleasantly surprised.

5| What makes you most excited about the Mapbox Unity SDK?

It makes it surprisingly easy to get started with mapping and visualization in ARKit.

6| With your prototype, you’re basically turning your camera into the interface to interact with a visualization. Where do you see exciting opportunities for these types of interactions?

I think most of the interesting opportunities for interaction are actually going to be in the nebulous zone between phone interactions and real-world interactions. Screen interactions will still exist, but imagine moving through a virtual haunted house environment rooted in your actual home, pointing your camera at the Great Pyramid of Giza with the original construction overlaid, or gesturing at the Golden Gate Bridge and annotating the original site where the suspension cables were spun on site — that’s where I see the exciting opportunities.

7| Where do you expect to see the first break-through AR use cases in the next year?

I think the use cases around entertainment, visualization, and sharing are going to be huge. AR is going to be the glue between the digital world and ours, and that’ll add an entire new dimension to how we interact with our phones. Want your own show? Point the camera at yourself and wield superpowers for an audience. Play games that interact with your living room through your camera. Visualize your favorite sci-fi worlds in your back yard. It’s going to change everything.

I think something particularly exciting to me is the combination of computer-vision and AR to query and tag the world around you: Like that chair? Point your camera at it, find out everything about it, and stick a virtual model of it in your home. Don’t know what species a flower is? Point your camera at it, see all the parts tagged in AR, and get a closer look at a 3d model on your phone.

8| What will be your next demo? ;-)

You’re gonna have to follow me @aaronykng on twitter to find out! :)

Aaron’s Blog

How I built it: Visualizing Foursquare check-ins with Mapbox + ARKit was originally published in Points of interest on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

I thought I would use the user diary as a means of introducing myself and my research activities. I am a Research Fellow in the Nottingham Geospatial Institute at the University of Nottingham interested in participation biases in geospatial crowdsourced projects such as OSM and other Volunteered Geographical Information (VGI) projects. I am also interested more broadly in biases in citizen science. My current research project is concerned with the way in which participation biases in OSM may potentially affect the usability of the data that is collected and subsequently what is available to location based service providers which use OSM as their primary geographical database.

It is my belief that a better understanding of participation biases in VGI can give us improved potential to contribute to the future sustainable planning of our urban environments and improve services in rural communities.

Having said this, my diary entry here is also an opportunity to set the scene for those of you who may be interested in getting involved in this work through participating in a survey which I will soon be publishing online.

My proposed survey will be aimed at collecting some brief demographic information about the OSM contributors who respond. I then intend to perform an analysis of the OSM database to try to identify differences between the activities and contributing behaviours of male and female contributors to OSM. This is of major interest to me. I hope that the results will enable me to make some important conclusions and observations about current VGI contribution practices and make useful and meaningful recommendations back to the OSM community and other crowdsourced data stakeholders around gender issues in participation. A key part of the dissemination of my research results will be making the outcomes of the work available to the OSM community via my OSM diary, the mailing list and hopefully an open-access journal paper.
I am hoping that many of you will be interested in the study, sufficiently so to take part! I am interested in the activities and behaviours of both male and female contributors and would encourage as many users as possible to participate. Identifying patterns of activity in the OSM database, based on which type of users contribute which type of information, could work to consider how to improve gender specific participation.

As soon as the survey is available I will publish it here as well as disseminate it through the OSM mailing system.

In the meantime, please don’t hesitate to contact me through the OSM messaging system if you wish to learn more about the survey or research project in general. Thank you for reading this far and I will post again with a link to the survey when it is open.

THE OLD DOWNTOWN OF MANILA EXPERIENCE

Quiapo is a home to the Quiapo Church and has also made a name for itself as a place for marketplace bargain hunting. Seated at the heart of the commercial area of Manila, Hotel 99 is the best place you can be amidst the busy city experience. Welcome to Hotel 99 Quiapo situated at 361 Bautista corner, Hidalgo Street, Quiapo, Manila. Be embraced by our warm and welcoming greetings as soon as you make your first step in our doors. You will then be gracefully escorted to one of our all new 82 themed and well-kept rooms. May it be for business, pleasure or travel, you can count on us to provide you value-for-money accommodation coupled with an exceptional experience and the unique hospitality we are known for.

"AT HOTEL 99, WE NEVER STOP IMPROVING OURSELVES AND OUR SERVICES."

Every single room is equipped with tamper proof electronic card access for greater peace of mind while checked in (Cubao branch only). 24 hours CCTV and fire alarms are correspondingly provided for added security. Cleanliness, convenience and comfort come customary in all the rooms. Sanitized linens and beddings, air-conditioning, hot and cold shower, telephone access to front desk and 32” LED TVs with cable are just some of the typical amenities available. Hotel guests can also feast from our wide menu of sumptuous dishes prepared and delivered hot, clean and fresh by well-trained kitchen crew.

Hotel concierge is available 24 hours to cater all our guests’ needs. Whether it’s a quick snack at midnight or another set of toiletries at 4am, our hotel staff is just a phone call away. No power, no problem! We have backup generators to ensure that no one is left in the dark in case of brown outs. At Hotel 99, we never stop improving ourselves and our services.

Expansions are under way making Hotel 99 a visible establishment in more metropolitan areas around the country. Furthermore, we will also offer additional features and amenities in our rooms to make them more pleasurable and technologically updated with the times. Rest assured that we will also continue to better ourselves in delivering exceptional, sincere and friendly service to our guests

From checking in to checking out, Hotel 99 is committed to deliver more-than-expected hotel services that leave a positive and lasting impression on our guests and a lingering thought of our motto “Dare to compare!”

11/07/2017-17/07/2017

Mapping

• Nicolas Toublanc has a nice culinary question on how to map “Oyster farmers: growers, sellers, oyster bar and seafood” and a quick answer by Vincent Bergeot.
• Svavar Kjarrval wrote about several issues in the development of a router for pedestrians. He seeks solutions, including one to differentiate routing , whether a road can be crossed anywhere or must be crossed only on crosswalks.
• Horea Meleg of TeleNav asks at the Talk-US mailing list for the good practice on how to map lanes, turn lanes and signposts
• ChristianA shares in his user diary how he mapped some old and unused quarries near his home.
• Earlier we reported about Daniel’s work related to identifying potential sharp turns onto ramps. Following some discussions, they have refined some checks and added new ones for sharp turns (e.g. sharp turns from one ramp onto another). Here are the up-to-date results for the planet.
• Kathmandu Living Labs (KLL) has started “project Ilam” together with Marek Kleciak, Heinz_V and WojtekK. The main goal is to get the utmost possible data accuracy using new high resolution imagery from Bing and Digital Globe in the district of Ilam, Nepal. The wiki page of this project describes how to identify such areas from aerial images. The project should demonstrate to the authorities in developing countries the usefulness of OpenStreetMap. The area should act as test area for comparing armchair mapping data to the reality in the field and support governments and NGOs. The project is looking for experienced mappers: sorry, no newcomers.
• User taz2015 asks at the English OSM Forum how to handle erroneous data from the TIGER import.
• Mapbox has purchased satellite imagery of 8.2 million square kilometers. Camilla Mahon explained in Mapbox’s blog how it decides which areas require better pictures.

Community

• OpenCage data, the blog of Open Cage Geocoder published an interview with Hernán aka Hernan and Zalitoar in which they speak about the state of OSM and its community in Argentina – their current work and future plans.
• Who is commenting? An Overview about OSM Changeset Discussions, a new blog post by Pascal Neis.

Events

• In a month, the State of the Map 2017 conference starts in Aizu-Wakamatsu, Japan.
• This year marks the OSM’s 13th birthday which is celebrated on August 13th. Don’t forget to enter your local events to the OSM wiki.
• On July 21st a mini conference takes place on bike data (open data) organized by the Open Knowledge Foundation Belgium in Brussels.
• On July 15th, Marek Strassenburg-Kleciak was elected as chairman of OSM Poland in Łodź, Poland. For all other functions, refer to the website.
• On Tuesday, July 19th, Rubén López of Mapbox made a presentation for 60 students at the Congress of Information and Communication Technologies in Churcampa – Huancavelica. Rubén spoke about OpenStreetMap, how to collaborate with the OpenStreetMap community, how to add data to the map and the different applications that can be done using OpenStreetMap data.

Humanitarian OSM

• John Whelan notes on the HOT mailing list that there is a large number of untagged ways in Chad. Many of them are buildings, but not all.

Education

• Mario asked in the gvSIG blog: “Have you decided to learn to work with a Geographic Information System and you don’t know how to start?” His answer to this question is a free book with the title, “Learning GIS with Game of Thrones“.

Maps

• With the help of Leaflet and OverpassAPI, Harald Hartmann made a nice visualization of view points with views towards.

Open Data

• The Ordnance Survey in England has released a large set of data with various green spaces in England as open data. It is not yet clear whether the data are compatible with OSM.

Software

• NextGIS announced OSMInfo, a new tool for using OSM data in QGIS.
• The MapOSMatic fork of Hartmut now supports Email notifications once your requested map is ready or an error occurred. In addition, his instance also offers the map styles Pencil, Space Station and Blossom.

Programming

• Daniel Koć searches a server to work on the middle zoom levels of OSM Carto for some weeks.
• Andy Allan started work on the preparation of the integration of the moderation branch, a former GSoC project, into the OpenStreetMap website and API. The branch adds a report button. Up to now users have to report spam via email or IRC.

Releases

• Tobias Zwick has officially released StreetComplete. It can be downloaded at FDroid or in the PlayStore.
• The new release of Mapbox Directions swift comes with added attribute options option, congestion, for obtaining the level of traffic congestion along each segment of a RouteLeg and much more
• Mapbox’s new release for the Navigation iOS comes with a style specifically designed for turn-by-turn navigation, with French, Hungarian, Lithuanian, Persian, and Spanish localizations and much more.
• Other releases
  • Jungle Bus 1.2 | 11.07.2017
  • Komoot Android 9.3 | 13.07.2017
  • Kurviger Free 1.1.5 | 13.07.2017
  • Mapillary Android 3.67 | 11.07.2017
  • OSM Contributor 3.0.5 | 12.07.2017

Did you know …

• The uMap map of all world-wide host cities of the State of the Map (SotM) and FOSSGIS events

Other “geo” things

• An animation of ThingsWork shows the course of a day for winter and summer solstice.
• ThingsWork shows the change of the Ucayali river from 1985 to 2013.
• Boundless, an US open-source GIS company, announces a “strategic partnership” with Mapbox. In a press release they say that their customers will receive easier access to Mapbox products.
• Mapzen now offers map matching, which “takes in a trajectory of latitude/longitude coordinates and returns back a route line that is snapped to the OpenStreetMap road network and enriched with attributes, like speed limits and freeway exit signs.”
• ORF reported about a study of the University of Stanford, how much people are walking in different countries on daily-basis.
• Antonio Zugaldia from Mapbox shows how to generate traffic maps and add images in Alexa Show skill using Mapbox Java Services.

Upcoming Events

Where	What	When	Country
Seattle	Complete The Map Challenge, Mapillary image mapping	2017-06-23-2017-07-31
Bremen	Bremer Mappertreffen	2017-07-24
Graz	Stammtisch Graz	2017-07-24
Nottingham	Nottingham Pub Meetup	2017-07-25
Viersen	OSM Stammtisch Viersen	2017-07-25
Dusseldorf	Stammtisch Düsseldorf	2017-07-26
Itami	【西国街道#08】オープンデータソンin伊丹「有岡城惣構」	2017-07-29
Tokyo	東京！街歩かない！マッピングバーティ2	2017-07-29
Managua	Editathon with iD	2017-07-29
Taipei	OpenStreetMap Taipei Meetup, MozSpace	2017-07-31
Rostock	Rostocker Treffen	2017-08-01
Stuttgart	Stuttgarter Stammtisch	2017-08-02
Brisbane	Nundah Mapping Party	2017-08-04
Amagasaki	地図好きに送るオープンストリートマップの使い方 in みんなのサマーセミナー2017	2017-08-05
Taipei	COSCUP OpenStreetMap Track, National Taiwan University Social Science College	2017-08-05
Kusatsu	真夏のマッピングパーティ in 草津	2017-08-06
Boston	FOSS4G 2017	2017-08-14-2017-08-19
Aizu-wakamatsu Shi	State of the Map 2017 (international conference)	2017-08-18-2017-08-20
Patan	State of the Map Asia 2017	2017-09-23-2017-09-24
Boulder	State of the Map U.S. 2017	2017-10-19-2017-10-22
Buenos Aires	FOSS4G+State of the Map Argentina 2017	2017-10-23-2017-10-28
Brussels	FOSS4G Belgium 2017	2017-10-26
Lima	State of the Map LatAm 2017	2017-11-29-2017-12-02

Note: If you like to see your event here, please put it into the calendar. Only data which is there, will appear in weeklyOSM. Please check your event in our public calendar preview and correct it, where appropriate.

This weeklyOSM was produced by Nakaner, Peda, Polyglot, Rogehm, SomeoneElse, Spanholz, Spec80, YoViajo, derFred, jinalfoflia, keithonearth.

I can't believe I've been walking past this construction site and now new roundabout for about two months, and it only just occurred to me this morning that I should update the map!

Anyway, done now.

(Photo on Flickr.)

11.07.2017-17.07.2017

In eigener Sache

• Die Redaktion begrüßt Benutzer doktorpixel als neues Mitglied, einen ehemaligen Wikipedia-Mitwirkenden, dem das Schreiben Spaß macht.Wir suchen natürlich weiterhin genau solche Mitarbeiter, die mit Spaß an der Sache mitwirken möchten. Es gibt leider auch Mitarbeiter, die wieder aufgeben müssen, weil sie den Aufwand unterschätzen.

Mapping

• Svavar Kjarrval ist bei der Entwicklung eines Routers für Fußgänger gleich auf mehrere Probleme gestoßen. Daher sucht er unter anderem nach einer Lösung, um beim Routing zu unterscheiden, ob eine Straße überall oder nur über Zebrastreifen überquert werden darf.
• Die mappenden Angestellten von Telenav, die in Kanada schon wiederholt für Ärger gesorgt haben, fragen auf der Mailingliste Talk-us nach der guten fachlichen Praxis in Bezug auf Fahrstreifenmapping und Wegweiser.
• ChristianA berichtet in seinem Benutzer-Blog, wie er in seiner Heimat etwas nordöstlich von Norrköping einige verlassene Minenschächte erfasst hat.
• Daniel Hofmann vom OSRM-Team hat seine Validator-Karte (wir berichteten) weiter verbessert, sodass sie jetzt noch mehr zu spitze Abbiegewinkel auf Auffahrts-/Abfahrtsrampen erkennt. Dort sollte dann meistens ein Abbiegeverbot in OSM ergänzt werden. Update: Link korrigiert – beachte auch den Kommentar von Daniel.
• Marek berichtet über ein weiteres Pilotprojekt in Nepal, in dem ein kleines Gebiet möglichst genau erfasst werden soll um damit Vorbildcharakter zu erreichen.
• Benutzer taz2015 fragt im englischen OSM-Forum, wie er mit fehlerhaften TIGER-Daten umgehen soll.
• Mapbox hat Satellitenbilder von 8,2 Millionen Quadratkilometern gekauft. Camilla Mahon erklärt im Mapbox-Blog, wie Mapbox entscheidet, welche Gebiete besserer Bilder bedürfen.

Community

• Ed Freyfogle veröffentlicht im Open Cage Data Blog ein Interview mit Hernán aka Hernan und Zalitoar, in dem Sie über den Zustand von OSM und die Community in Argentinien sprechen.
• [1] Pascal Neis analysiert in seinem Blog, wer Änderungssatzkommentare kommentiert und woher die Kommentatoren stammen.

Veranstaltungen

• In einem Monat beginnt die State of the Map in Aizu-Wakamatsu.
• Der diesjährige (13.) OSM-Geburtstag wird am 13. August gefeiert. Im OSM-Wiki könnt ihr eure lokalen Aktionen eintragen.
• Am 21. Juli findet in BeCentral in Brüssel eine von der Open Knowledge Foundation Belgien organisierte Minikonferenz zum Thema Fahrraddaten (Open-Data) statt.
• Am 27. und 28. Oktober finden in Arosa (Graubünden) die MAKE Open Tourism Data Hackdays der OKFN Schweiz statt.
• Marek weist darauf hin, dass OSM Polen gerade einen neuen Vorstand gewählt hat.
• Rubén López von Mapbox präsentierte OSM, die Editoren und die OSM-Community vor 60 Studenten anlässlich des „Congress of Information and Communication Technologies“ in Churcampa – Huancavelica.

Humanitarian OSM

• John Whelan weist auf der Mailingliste HOT darauf hin, dass es im Tschad eine Unzahl an Ways ohne Tags gebe. Die meisten seien Gebäude.

Ausbildung/Schulung

• Mario stellt im gvSIG-Blog zum Erscheinen der neuen Staffel ein Buch zum Lernen von GIS mit Hilfe von Game of Thrones vor.

Karten

• Harald Hartmann hat mit Hilfe von Leaflet und Overpass-API eine nette Visualisierung von Aussichtspunkten mit Aussichtsrichtung gebastelt.

Open-Data

• Das Ordnance Survey in England hat einen großen Datensatz mit verschiedenartigen Grünflächen in England als Open-Data freigegeben. Es ist aber noch nicht klar, ob die Daten zu OSM kompatibel sind.

Programme

• NextGIS tweetet über ein neue Funktion von OSMInfo in QGIS.
• Die MapOSMatic-Instanz von Hartmut unterstützt jetzt Email-Benachrichtigungen sobald der Druckauftrag abgeschlossen oder mit Fehlermeldung abgebrochen wurde. Darüber hinaus bietet er jetzt außerdem die Kartenstile Pencil, Space station und Blossom an.

Programmierung

• Daniel Koć sucht für Arbeiten an den mittleren Zoomstufen von OSM Carto für einige Wochen einen Server.
• Andy Allan hat die Arbeiten an der Vorbereitung der Integration des Moderation-Branches in die OpenStreetMap-Website und -API, einem ehemaligen GSoC-Projekt aufgenommen. Der Branch fügt einen Melden-Button hinzu. Bislang muss man Spam per E-Mail oder im IRC melden.

Releases

Tobias Zwick hat sein StreetComplete nun offiziell freigegeben. Es kann ab sofort in FDroid oder im PlayStore heruntergeladen werden.

Aktuelle Releases, entnommen aus der OSM Software Watchlist. Timestamp: 2017-07-14:

• Jungle Bus 1.2 | 11.07.2017
• Komoot Android 9.3 | 13.07.2017
• Kurviger Free 1.1.5 | 13.07.2017
• Mapillary Android 3.67 | 11.07.2017
• OSM Contributor 3.0.5 | 12.07.2017

Kennst du schon …

• … die uMap-Karte aller weltweiten Austragungsorte der State of the Map (SOTM) und FOSSGIS

Weitere Themen mit Geo-Bezug

• Eine Animation von ThingsWork zeigt den Tagesverlauf zur Winter- und Sommersonnenwende.
• ThingsWork zeigt den Wandel des Ucayali River von 1985 bis 2013 anhand von Satellitenaufnahmen.
• Boundless, eine US-amerikanische Open-Source-GIS-Firma, gibt in einer Pressemitteilung eine “strategische Partnerschaft” mit Mapbox bekannt, im Rahmen derer Boundless-Kunden leichteren Zugang zu Mapbox-Produkten erhalten sollen.
• Auch Mapzen bietet nun Map-Matching an.
• ORF berichtet über eine Studie der Standford University, wie viel in verschiedenen Ländern täglich zu Fuß gegangen wird.

Wochenvorschau

Wo	Was	Wann	Land
Bremen	Bremer Mappertreffen	2017-07-24
Graz	Stammtisch Graz	2017-07-24
Viersen	OSM Stammtisch Viersen	2017-07-25
Düsseldorf	Stammtisch Düsseldorf	2017-07-26
Rostock	Rostocker Treffen	2017-08-01
Stuttgart	Stuttgarter Stammtisch	2017-08-02

Hinweis:
Wer seinen Termin hier in der Liste sehen möchte, trage ihn in den Kalender ein. Nur Termine, die dort stehen, werden in die Wochennotiz übernommen. Bitte prüfe die Veranstaltung in unserem öffentlichen Kalendertool und korrigiere bitte die Einträge im Kalender, wenn notwendig.

Diese Wochennotiz wurde erstellt von Michael Reichert, Peda, Rogehm, Spanholz, Manfred Reiter, doktorpixel14, jinalfoflia.

By: Cameron Mace

Displaying 3D structures and showing a user’s current location are now simple features you can add to your mobile app with a few lines of code. A couple months ago, we introduced Android Plugins. These are a collection of single-purpose libraries built on top of our mobile SDK, so you can quickly add otherwise complex features to your apps. Today, we’re sharing not one, but two additional plugins — the Location Layer plugin and Building plugin.

Easily customize 3D buildings

Using the new Buildings plugin, you can display 3D structures on top (or within) your map style. We’ve also made styling easy by implementing a handful of options to adjust the look of the buildings. For example, you can style the color and opacity of each building or even get the map’s light source which gives you complete control over the building shader.

Make maps that know where they are

We’re also introducing the Location Layer plugin. Use it to make your map location-aware by showing a users’ current location on the map.

The plugin brings all the same functionality that MyLocationView in the Map SDK has but takes it a step further. Everything is drawn using runtime styling, which in turn increases the performance, accuracy, and stability. Instead of an Android view on top of the map, we are able to draw the annotation within the map style, which means performing map gestures won’t require syncing up a view with the map. In other words, no visible lag.

Within the plugin, four modes are accessible including the tracking and compass modes you’d expect, along with a brand new navigation mode that is compatible with our Navigation SDK. It makes snapping to the route much easier allowing for a consistent view of the road ahead, smoother transitions from step to step, and fewer rerouting attempts.

Plugin and share

Alongside these new plugins, we’ve also updated our Traffic plugin with bug fixes and performance improvements. These include better compatibility with custom map styles, so you can maintain performance with your custom designs.

Stay tuned for the community-contributed plugin that will let you load a GeoJSON file from a URL, asset, or path in the device.

Take a look at the new plugin documentation to get started and share what you’re building using the hashtag #BuiltWithMapbox on Twitter. We love to feature cool projects!

Cameron Mace

New plugins for our Android SDK was originally published in Points of interest on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

I began working with OSM in 2007 following my retirement from a life-long career in cartography, which I loved. I purchased a Garmin eTrex Legend and loaded it with an .img file from http://garmin.openstreetmap.nl/. I proceeded to walk and record the streets of Henley-on-Thames and its neighbouring villages for several years - they were poorly represented in OSM, then - and learnt how to digitise and upload subsequential data. An extremely fortunate occurrence led to my discovery of Locus Map a couple of years ago that, with its faithful rendering of maps and wealth of features, was a transformation. Installed on my Android 'phone with OSM mapping from OpenAndroMaps and Elevate themes from Tobias, then Voluntary UK from John Percy raised my involvement and enjoyment to a whole new level. It is a brilliant combination for working in the field. I felt encouraged to walk the countryside much more, using http://www.petes-walks.co.uk/ and http://fancyfreewalks.org/Chilterns.html with a great deal of pleasure. I came to recognise, however, there were paths in my immediate area I had not walked in my thirty-odd years here. My interest turned to them, which ignited my interest in Public Rights of Way (PRoW). I tasked myself with walking every PRoW, parish by parish, in my area of South Oxfordshire. The County Council offers a download of all of its PRoWs in MapInfo .tab format. I have used MapInfo Professional for many years and was able to create a table of PRoWs for my area by parish and with PRoW references as recommended in Robert Whittaker's http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/User:Rjw62/PRoW_Table, plus Chiltern Society references, courtesy of Nick Moon. I find QGIS very difficult to master, but it has proved an excellent means of converting .tab files to .kml. I have discovered .kml files are better than .gpx files in Locus Map because the column entries of the table can be seen fully. Robert Whittaker has created a reference, http://robert.mathmos.net/osm/prow/progress/, that, fortunately for me, contains my area. This has proved immensely valuable in highlighting errors in and omissions of PRoWs and their tags, using Overpass Turbo. Armed with this information, I can walk and check the parishes fully. I add/amend information and upload data using the offline editor, JOSM, which goes from strength to strength in my opinion. I have come to Vespucci a second time and respect it now as a very good reference source in the field. The benefits are twofold: my walks bring me a sense of purpose and newfound satisfaction and OSM finds itself with better and more complete information.

Niedawno z ciekawości przeglądałem ten rejon Arktyki, zauważyłem nie pasujące ścieżki GPS do widniejącej linii brzegu, na początku myślałem iż jest to ślad z dopływających statków czy łódek. Baza ta jest bardzo często odwiedzana przez turystów jak i załogi przepływających statków. Jednak postanowiłem sprawdzić czy przypadkiem obiekty nie są umieszczone "na oko". Jak się okazało mapa Bing jest tak złej jakości iż na fotografii nie widać zarówno dobrego odwzorowania linii brzegowej jak i żadnego z budynków. Obecne budynki zostały natrasowane na podstawie dostępnej mapy w JPG, mocno nie aktualnej. Postanowiłem poszukać danych geologicznych czy też pomiarów geodetów z tego rejonu. Natknąłem się na pracę badawczą: "Geodezyjne prace pomiarowo-badawcze wykonane przez Wydział Geodezji i Kartografii Politechniki Warszawskiej w ramach XXXIX Polskiej Wyprawy Antarktycznej na Wyspie Króla Jerzego". Kierownik pracy: dr inż. Marcin Rajner, Wykonawcy: dr inż. Krzysztof Bakuła, dr inż. Marcin Rajner, mgr inż. Sławomir Łapiński, mgr inż. Maria Kowalska, mgr inż. Mariusz Pasik. Jak się okazało, praca badawcza zawiera liczne dane GPS oparte o wyniki z wysokiej jakości aparatury pomiarowej.

Jako punkt nawiązania osnowy do globalnego układu odniesień wybrano zastabilizowany na betonowym słupie Punkt Jasnorzewskiego (JAS1), na którym w przeszłości prowadzono obserwacje astronomiczne (Rys. 4). Jego pozycję określono w oparciu o dwufazowe statyczne obserwacje GNSS zarejestrowane odbiornikiem Topcon HiPer Pro w interwale 30-sekundowym w dniu 14.03.2015 r. w trakcie 12-godzinnej sesji pomiarowej. ( strona 6 publikacji).

Poprzez plugin JOSM narzędzie Lat/Lon naniosłem dane kilku punktów dzięki którym poprawnie określiłem położenie najważniejszych obiektów.

1. Punkt Lat2 (strona 13 publikacji) 62o 09’ 29.20219’’S, 58o 27’ 57.60892’’W
2. Maszt meteorologicznej stacji pomiarowej 62 09 33.860158 S, 58 28 05.884617 W
3. Środek krzyża mogiły Włodzimierza Puchalskiego 62 09 48.551369 S, 58 28 09.525487 W

To pozwoliło mi ustalić iż obiektyw OSM wymagają przesunięcia o ponad 20m na północ i około 50m na zachód. Po przesunięciu obiektów ślady GPS zaczęły pasować do ścieżki wzdłuż wybrzeża oraz dookoła latarni morskiej. Teraz trzeba poczekać na update linii brzegowej gdyż jak widać po zmianie położenia obiektów widoczna rozbieżność. Oraz zbieżność GPS po edycji: Jak widać pozostała również kwestia naniesienia poprawnych nazw obiektów, torfowisko - mszarnik jest pod nazwą "Ogrody Jasnorzewskiego" jeziorka nie mają nazw, były błędnie opisane. Budynki nazwane zgodnie z informacją dostępną w Internecie. Poprzez postępującą erozję jak podają badacze an Stacji Arctowski, zmieniła się an tyle iż w najwyższym stanie jest o niemal metr od głównego budynku bazy.

Budynki natrasowane dzięki danym skanów laserowych z publikacji oraz mapom dostępnym w Internecie jak i fotografiom bazy.

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